ÍÁ¶úÆäGeyikbayiriµÄÅÊÑÒÔ˶¯Ô±£¬ÕâÀïÓµÓÐ850¶àÌõ²»Í¬µÈ¼¶µÄÏß·¡£Í¼Ô´£ºM.Selcuk Oren
ÔÚÎÒÃÇ֮ǰ·ÖÏíµÄһЩÅʵǹÊÊÂÖУ¬¾³£»áÓöµ½ÃèÊöÏß·µÈ¼¶µÄ´ÊÓ±ÈÈç5.13b¡¢8a+¡¢WI3ºÍM9µÈ£¬ÏÂÃæÕâƪÎÄÕ¾Í×ÅÖؽéÉÜһЩÕâЩÄѶȵĵȼ¶ÊÇÈçºÎÆÀ¶¨µÄ£¬ÕâÑùÄܸø¶ÁÕßÃÇÒ»¸ö¿ìËٵIJο¼£¬ÕÒ³ö²»Í¬µÈ¼¶Ö®¼äµÄÇø±ð¡£
¼òµ¥µØ˵£¬Åʵǵȼ¶ÃèÊöÁËÏß·ÉϵØÐεÄÄѶȡ£ÕâЩµÈ¼¶¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÅʵÇÕßÅжÏÊÇ·ñÊʺÏ×ÔÉíµÄˮƽ¡£
µ«ÊÇ£¬µÈ¼¶ÆÀÅеÄÒòËؾ¿¾¹°üÀ¨ÄÄЩ£¿ÎªÊ²Ã´ÒªÓõ½Õâô¶à×ÖĸºÍÊý×Ö£¿¶ÔÓÚÆÕͨ¶ÁÕß¿´À´£¬Õâ³äÂúÁËÐí¶àµÄ¼¼ÊõÊõÓÊÔͼÆÆÒëÕâЩËõдËƺõÊÇÒ»Ïî¼è¾ÞµÄÈÎÎñ¡£ÈÃÎÒÃÇÏÈÀ´¿´¿´Æä»ù±¾ÔÀí¡£
˹涨Á˵ȼ¶£¿
Åʵǵĵȼ¶ÊÇÖ÷¹ÛµÄ£¬ËùÒÔÄѶÈÊÇͨ¹ý¹²Ê¶È·¶¨µÄ¡£µÚÒ»¸öÍê³ÉµÄÅʵÇÕߣ¬»òµÚÒ»Ö§¶ÓÎ飬ÔÚÆÀ¹ÀÏß·ʱ»ñµÃµÚÒ»¸ö»ú»á¡£ÔÚÄÇÖ®ºó£¬ÆäËû¼¸¸öÅʵÇÕß(ËûÃÇÍê³ÉÏß·֮ºó)ͨ³£Ò²»á²ÎÓë½øÀ´ÆÀ¹À¡£×îºó£¬ËûÃÇ´ï³ÉÏß·ÄѶȵĹ²Ê¶¡£
ÊõÓï±í£º
Ïß·£º»ò·Ïߣ¬Ö¸ÅʵǵÄÈ«³Ì£¬´Óµ×²¿µ½¶¥²¿¡£
¹Ì¶¨µã£º½«Éþ×Ó»òÅʵÇÕßÁ¬½Óµ½ÅÊÅÀ±íÃæµÄÈκÎ×°ÖÃ(ÈçÂÝ˨¡¢ÑÒ¶¤µÈ)µÄµØµã¡£
½Ú¾à£ºÏß·ÉÏÁ½¸ö¹Ì¶¨µãÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀ룬±ÈÉþ×Ó³¤¡£ÀýÈ磬Äã¿ÉÒÔÓñê×¼µÄ70Ã×ÉþË÷ÔÚ3¸ö½Ú¾àÄÚÅÊÅÀ200Ã×µÄÏß·¡£
×ÔÓÉÅʵǣºÒ²¾ÍÊÇͽÊÖÅʵǣ¬¹ËÃû˼Ò壬½öÒÀ¿¿×Ô¼ºµÄÊֺͽţ¬ÒÔ¼°ÑÒʯµÄ×ÔÈ»ÌØÕ÷£¬ÏòÉÏÅÊÅÀ¡£
Æ÷еÅʵǣºÔÚÅÊÅÀ¹ý³ÌÖÐʹÓõĹ̶¨ÔÚÑÒʯÉϵÄÆ÷е²»½ö½öÓÃ×÷±£»¤£¬¶øÇÒ½èÖúÏòÉÏ¡£
Á½ÖÖ×î³£ÓõÄÅʵÇÆÀ¼¶·½·¨ÊÇ·¨¹úÊý×Öϵͳ£¨French Numerical System£©ºÍÓÅʤÃÀµØÊ®½øλϵͳ£¨Yosemite Decimal System£©¡£
ÔÚÌ©¹úÅʵÇÒ»Ìõ6aÏß·¡£
·¨¹úÊý×Öϵͳ£¨FR£©£¬Èç6a, 8b+µÈ
·¨¹úÊý×ÖϵͳÊDZ±ÃÀÒÔÍâµØÇø×ÔÓÉÅʵǵÄÖ÷ÒªÆÀ¼¶ÏµÍ³£¬ÒÔÏÂÎÒÃÇÓÃFRÌæ´ú¡£
FR¸ù¾ÝÏß·µÄÕûÌå¼¼ÊõÄѶȺÍÇ¿¶ÈÀ´ÆÀ¶¨ÅʵǼ¶±ð¡£ÆÀ¼¶´Ó1¿ªÊ¼£¨±íʾ·Ç³£¼òµ¥£©£¬ÄѶȲ»·â¶¥¡£5¼¶¼°ÒÔÉϵļ¶±ð»¹¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÌí¼ÓСд×Öĸa¡¢b»òcÀ´½øÒ»²½Çø·Ö¡£´ËÍ⣬»¹¿ÉÒÔÌí¼ÓÒ»¸ö¡°+¡±À´±íʾ¸ü³Ö¾ÃµÄÄѶȣ¨6a+±È6a¸üÄÑ£¬µ«±È6bÈÝÒ×£©¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬ÊÀ½çÉÏ×îÄÑÏß·¼¶±ðÊÇ9c¡£
ÕâÊÇ5.11µÄÅÊÅÀÄѵ㡣
ÓÅʤÃÀµØÊ®½øÖÆϵͳ(YDS) £¬Èç5.6£¬5.11aµÈ
YDSÊÇÃÀ¹úºÍ¼ÓÄô󲿷ֵØÇøµÄÖ÷ÒªÆÀ¼¶ÏµÍ³¡£
YDSÓÉ×ܲ¿Î»ÓÚÃÀ¹úµÄÈûÀ¾ãÀÖ²¿ÔÚ20ÊÀ¼Í50Äê´ú¿ª·¢£¬Í³Ò»ºÍÍêÉÆÁËÓÅʤÃÀµØɽ¹ÈÔçÆÚµÄÅʵÇϵͳ¡£YDS°´¼¼ÊõÄѶȷÖΪÎåÀà¡£
µÚ1ºÍµÚ2ÀàÓëͽ²½ºÍÔ½Ò°ÅÜÏà¹Ø£»µÚ3ÀàºÍµÚ4ÀàÖ¸µÄÊÇÈÝÒ×ÅÊÅÀµÄ΢ÇãбµØÐΣ»µÚ5ÀàÃèÊöµÄÊǼ¼ÊõÐÔÅʵǡ£
µÚ5ÀàµÄÆÀ·Ö´Ó5.0¿ªÊ¼£¬ÃèÊöµÄÊÇÒ»¸öÐèÒª×îµÍ¼¼ÄܵĵͽǶÈбÆ¡£5.15ÊÇÄ¿Ç°×îÄѵĵȼ¶¡£¹Ù·½¶Ô5.15µØÐεÄÃèÊöÊÇ¡°Òì³£À§ÄÑ£¬Í¨³£Éæ¼°ÇͱڻòÐüÑÒ£¬ÐèÒªÓÅÐãµÄרҵ֪ʶ¡¢ÉíÌåÌõ¼þºÍ¼¼ÊõÃôÈñ¡£¡±Ö»ÓгöÉ«µÄÅʵÇÕß²ÅÄÜÓ¦¸¶5.15µÄÄѶȡ£
µÈ¼¶Îª5.10ÒÔÉϵÄбÆ£¬ºóÃæÆÀ¼¶Ê±Ò²¿ÉÄܼÓÉÏaµ½dµÄ×Öĸ¡£ÀýÈ磬µÈ¼¶Îª5.10aµÄÏß·»òÑÒƱȵȼ¶Îª5.10bµÄÏß·ÈÝÒס£5.13±È5.12d¸üÄÑ£¬µ«±È5.13 aÈÝÒ׵ȵȡ£
Çë×¢Ò⣬һÌõÏß·µÄ¼¼ÊõÄѶȲ¢²»¾ö¶¨µÇɽÕߵĿ͹۷çÏÕ¡£·çÏÕÈ¡¾öÓÚ¸÷ÖÖÒòËØ£¬°üÀ¨ÅʵÇÓ²¼þµÄÖÊÁ¿ºÍÑÒʯµÄ×´¿ö£¬ÒÔ¼°ÌøÔ¾¶È£¨¹Ì¶¨µã»ò×°±¸·ÅÖÃÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀ룩¡£
NCCSʱ¼äµÈ¼¶
ÔÚÃÀ¹ú£¬Ò²ÓÐÒ»¸öºâÁ¿Ïß·ËùÐ衰ʱ¼ä¡±µÄϵͳ¡£¹ú¼ÒÅʵÇÆÀ¼¶ÏµÍ³(NCCS)µÄʱ¼äµÈ¼¶ÊÇ»ùÓÚµÇɽ¶ÓÔÚÕâÌõÏß·ÉϵÄƽ¾ùÍ£Áôʱ¼äÀ´ÆÀ¼¶¡£
I¼¶£º1~3¸öСʱ
II¼¶£º3~4¸öСʱ
III¼¶£º4~6¸öСʱ
IV¼¶£ºÒ»ÕûÌìµÄÅʵǣ¬Í¨³£ÊÇÇá΢µÄ¼¼ÊõÐÍ(ͨ³£ÊÇ8~12Сʱ)
V¼¶£ºÐèÒª¹ýÒ¹
VI¼¶£ºÁ½ÌìÒÔÉÏÒ»ÖÜÒÔÄÚ
VII¼¶£ºÂþ³¤¶øÖØ´óµÄ´óÑÒ±Ú̽ÏÕ£¬Í¨³£ÔÚÆ«Ô¶µØÇø£¬³ÖÐøÒ»ÖÜ»ò¸ü¾Ã
ÆäËûÆÀ¼¶ÏµÍ³
×ÔÓÉÅʵDz¢²»ÊÇΨһһÖÖ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÄѶÈÀ´ºâÁ¿µÄÅÊÑÒ·½Ê½¡£ÅʱùºÍ»ìºÏÅʵÇÒ²ÐèÒªÆÀ¼¶ºÍʹÓÃÀàËƵÄϵͳ¡£ÎÒÃǽ«ÔÚÏÂÃæ¼òÒª½éÉÜÕâÁ½ÖÖÔÔò¡£
Åʱù¾ÍÏñËüµÄÃû×ÖÒ»Ñù¡ª¡ªÅÀÉϱùÖù»ò±ùǽ£¬Í¨³£ÊÇ´ÓÉø©»ò½á±ùµÄÆÙ²¼ÉÏÅÀÉÏÈ¥¡£ÅʵÇÕßʹÓñù¸ä¡¢±ùצºÍÌØÖƵıù׶À´Íê³ÉÕâÏ×÷¡£
ÓÐʱ£¬±ùÏûʧÁË£¬Â㶳öÑÒʯ¡£ÅʵÇÕßÓñùצºÍ±ù¸äµÈÅʱù¹¤¾ßÔÚÑÒʯÉÏÅÊÅÀ£¬Õâ¾Í³ÆΪ¸ÉÅÊ£¨dry tooling£©¡£ÕâÖÖ¸ù¾ÝµØÐÎÔÚ¸ÉÅʺÍÅʱùÖ®¼ä×ÔÓÉÇл»µÄ·½Ê½½Ð×ö»ìºÏÅʵǡ£
Ò»ÌõDZÔڵĻìºÏÏß·£¬ÅʵÇÕß¿ÉÄÜ´Ó±ùÃæÅÀµ½ÑÒÃ棬Ôٻص½±ùÃæ¡£
ÅʱùµÈ¼¶£¬ÈçWI3+¡¢WI6µÈ
WI1£ºµÍ½Ç¶È±ùÃ棻²»ÐèÒª¹¤¾ß¡£
WI2£ºÆ½ÕûµÄ60?µÄ±ùÃ棬¿ÉÄÜÓÐС¹Ä°ü£»Á¼ºÃµÄ±£»¤¡£
WI3£º³ÖÐøÐÔµÄ70?±ùÃ棬¿ÉÄÜÓÐ80?-90?µÄ´ó¹Ä°ü£»ºÏÀíµÄÐÝÏ¢ºÍ·ÅÖñù׶µÄÁ¼ºÃ×ËÊÆ¡£
WI4£ºÁ¬ÐøµÄ80?±ùÃ棬ÓÐÏ൱³¤²¿·Ö90?±ùÃæÍ»Æð¡£
WI5£º³¤ÇÒ·ÑÁ¦£¬ÔÚ85?-90?µÄ¶Ì¶ø±¡µÄ±ùÃæÉÏ£¬¶Ì¾àÀë½Ú¾à£¬ºÜÉÙµÄÐÝÏ¢¿Õ¼ä£¬ÄÑÒÔ·ÅÖñ£»¤¡£
WI6£ºÒ»¸ùÍêÕûÉþ³¤²¢ÇÒ½Ó½ü90?µÄ±ùÃ棬ûÓÐÐÝÏ¢»ò¸ü¶ÌµÄ½Ú¾à£¬±ÈWI5¸üΪºÄÁ¦£¬¸ß¼¼ÊõÐÍ¡£
WI7£ºÈçÉÏËùʾ£¬µ«ÔÚ±¡µÄ¡¢Õ³½Ó²îµÄ±ùÃæ»ò³¤µÄ¡¢Ðü´¹µÄ¡¢Õ³½Ó²îµÄ±ùÖùÉÏ¡£±£»¤´ëÊ©ÊDz»¿ÉÄÜ»òºÜÄÑʵʩµÄ£¬±ùÃæ²»¿ÉÔ¤²â¡£
WI8¼°ÒÔÉÏ£ºÏ൱ÓÚÔÚÉþ×ÓÉÏÓÃÅʱù¹¤¾ßºÍ±ùצ±§Ê¯£¬Í¨³£»¹ÓÐÂÝ˨×÷Ϊ±£»¤¡£
»ìºÏÅʵǵȼ¶£¬ÈçM1, M8µÈ
»ìºÏµØÐεȼ¶´ÓM1(µÍ½Ç¶ÈµØÐΣ¬Í¨³£²»ÐèÒª±ù¸ä)µ½M12(¶¸Ç͵ĵØÐΣ¬ÔÚ´àÈõµÄÖ§µãÉÏ×öÌå²Ù¶¯×÷)¡£µÈ¼¶M13-16µÄ·Ïߣ¬Í¨³£ÄѶȱ»ÈÏΪÊÇÍƲâÀ´µÄ¡£
M1-3£º¼òµ¥µÍ½Ç¶È£¬Í¨³£²»ÐèÒª¹¤¾ß¡£
M4£º´Ó°å×´µ½´¹Ö±µØÐΣ¬ÐèҪһЩ¼¼ÊõÐ͸ÉÅÊ
M5£ºÒ»Ð©³ÖÐøÐԵĴ¹Ö±¸ÉÅÊ
M6£º´¹Ö±µ½ÍâÐü·Ïߣ¬¸ßÄѶȸÉÅÊ
M7£ºÍâÐü£»Ç¿´óµÄ¼¼ÊõÐ͸ÉÅÊ£¬ÕâÖÖÄѶȵÄÅʵdz¤¶ÈСÓÚ10Ã×
M8£ºÒ»Ð©¼¸ºõˮƽµÄÍâÐüµØÐΣ¬ÐèÒª·Ç³£Ç¿´óµÄ¼¼ÊõÐ͸ÉÅÊ£¬±§Ê¯»ò±ÈM7¸ü³¤µÄ×îÄѵIJ¿·Ö¡£
M9£º¿ÉÒÔÊÇÁ¬Ðø´¹Ö±µÄ£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÊÇÂÔ΢ÍâÐüµÄ±ßÔµ»ò¼¼Êõµã£¬»òÕßÊÇˮƽÑÒ¶¥£¬ÓÐ2µ½3¸öÉí³¤·ÅÖôóÁ¿¹¤¾ßµÄ¿Õ¼ä¡£
M10£ºÖÁÉÙ10Ã×µÄˮƽÑÒʯ»ò30Ã×µÄÍâÐü¸ÉÅÊ£¬ÅʵǶ¯×÷Á÷³©ÓÐÁ¦£¬ÖмäÎÞÐÝÏ¢¡£
M11£ºÒ»¶ÎÉþ×Ó³¤¶ÈµÄÍâÐüÌå²ÙÅʵǣ¬»ò¸ß´ï15Ã×µÄÑÒ¶¥¡£
M12£ºM11±§Ê¯Ê½£¬¶¯Ì¬Òƶ¯ÒÔ¼°´àÈõµÄ¼¼ÊõÐÍÖ§µã¡£
M13-M16£ºÍƲâµÄ¡£ÊÀ½çÉÏ×îÄѵĻìºÏ·Ïߣ¬ÓÉWill GaddµÈÈËÔÚ¼ÓÄôóBCÊ¡ºÕ¶ûÂó¿ÏÆÙ²¼·¢ÏÖ£¬M13ÒÔÉϲ»Çø·ÖµÈ¼¶¡£
ÆÀ¼¶¡¢Ó¦ÓÃ
ÔÚÎÒÃǵÄÅʵǹÊÊÂÖУ¬ÄãÓÀÔ¶²»»á¿´µ½·¨¹úÊý×ֵȼ¶(5.0 YDS)µÍÓÚ1µÄ¼¶±ð£¬ÒòΪÄÇÊǺÜÈÝÒ×µÄÅʵǡ£
Äã¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½6b+ (5.10d YDS)£¬ÕâÒâζ×ÅÅÊÅÀÊÇÖм¶ÒÔÉÏˮƽ£¬ÔÚÒ»¸öÓоÑéµÄ¡¢Ìå¸ñ½¡×³µÄ¡¢Óм¼Êõ֪ʶµÄÅʵÇÕßµÄÄÜÁ¦·¶Î§ÄÚ¡£
8a (5.13a YDS)¼°ÒÔÉϱ»ÈÏΪÊǸ߼¶Åʵǣ¬9a (5.14d YDS)ÊÇÓÅÐãµÄ×ÔÓÉÅʵǵĹú¼Ê±ê×¼¡£Ðí¶à°ÂÔ˻ἶ±ðµÄÅÊÑÒÔ˶¯Ô±ÄÜÓ¦¸¶9a»ò¸üÄѵÄ·Ïߣ¬µ«¶ÔÓÚÄÇЩûÓб¨³êµÄÅʵÇÕßÀ´ËµÊÇÉÙÖ®ÓÖÉÙ¡£
ת»»±í
ÐèÒªÖªµÀÔÚYDSÖÐFRÆÀ¼¶ÊÇʲôÂð£¿ÒÔÏÂÊÇ10ÖÖ×î³£¼ûµÄÆÀ·ÖϵͳµÄ×ÛºÏÆÀ·Öת»»±í¡£
Çë×¢Ò⣬FRϵͳÏÂͼÖÐΪ¡°French¡±£¬YDSϵͳÔòΪ¡°USA(Sierra)¡±¡£
Åʵǵȼ¶±È½Ïͼ¡£ÖÆͼ£ºBergefreunde
ÍøÓÑÆÀÂÛ
ÅÊÑÒ¼¼ÊõºÃÌù£¡¶¥Æð£¡
·¢±íÓÚ£º2021-9-16 10:10
ѧϰ»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶£¬Ð»Ð»£¡
·¢±íÓÚ£º2021-9-15 15:52
»Ø¸´×ö¸öÈÎÎñ
·¢±íÓÚ£º2021-9-15 08:31
ѧϰһÏÂ
·¢±íÓÚ£º2021-9-14 17:26
ÐÀÉÍÃÀͼ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
·¢±íÓÚ£º2021-9-14 15:46
ÐÀÉÍÃÀͼ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
·¢±íÓÚ£º2021-9-14 14:17
ÐÀÉÍÃÀͼ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
·¢±íÓÚ£º2021-9-14 14:11